AP Charts & Analysis: Formerly dshort
Charting economic and market trends
Market Cap to GDP: Buffett Valuation Indicator

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
With the Q4 GDP Advance Estimate and the January close data, we now have an updated look at the popular "Buffett Indicator" -- the ratio of corporate equities to GDP. The current reading is 140.1%, down from 146.7% the previous quarter.
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January 2022: Market Valuation, Inflation and Treasury Yields

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
Our monthly market valuation updates have long had the same conclusion: US stock indexes are significantly overvalued, which suggests cautious expectations for investment returns. On August 4, 2020, the 10-year Treasury yield hit its all-time low of 0.52%. As of January 31, 2023, it was at 3.52%
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P/E10: January 2022 Update

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
Here is the latest update of a popular market valuation method using the most recent Standard & Poor's "as reported" earnings and earnings estimates, and the index monthly average of daily closes for the past month.
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The "Real" Goods on the December Durable Goods Data

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
The Census Bureau has posted its advance report on durable goods new orders. This series dates from 1992 and is not adjusted for either population growth or inflation. Let's review durable goods data with two adjustments.
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Treasury Yields: A Long-Term Perspective

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
As of January 31, 2023, the 10-year note was 300 basis points above its historic closing low of 0.52%, reached on August 4, 2020.
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Regression to Trend: 115% Above Trend in January

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
Quick take: At the end of January the inflation-adjusted S&P 500 index price was 115% above its long-term trend, unchanged from the previous month.
About the only certainty in the stock market is that, over the long haul, over-performance turns into underperformance and vice versa. Is there a pattern to this movement? Let's apply some simple regression analysis to the question.
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The Q Ratio and Market Valuation: January Update

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
The Q Ratio is the total price of the market divided by the replacement cost of all its companies. Note: This update includes January close data.
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Weekly Unemployment Claims: Down 3K, Better Than Forecast

by Jennifer Nash, 2/2/23
This morning's seasonally adjusted 183K new claims, down 3k from the previous week's unrevised figure, came in below the Investing.com forecast of 200K.
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Cryptocurrencies: Bitcoin and Ethereum Continue to Rise

by Jennifer Nash, 2/1/23
Here's the latest on the largest cryptocurrencies by market share.
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CPI and PCE: Two Measures of Inflation and Fed Policy

by Jennifer Nash, 2/1/23
The BEA's Core Personal Consumption Expenditures Chain-type Price Index for December, released last Friday, shows that core inflation continues to be well above the Federal Reserve's 2% long-term target at 4.42%. The December core CPI release was higher, at 5.71%. The Fed is on record as using core PCE data as its primary inflation gauge.
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ISM Manufacturing Index Continues Contraction in January

by Jennifer Nash, 2/1/23
This morning the Institute for Supply Management published its monthly Manufacturing Report for January. The latest headline purchasing managers index (PMI) was 47.4, down 1.0 from the previous month and in contraction territory. This marks the third consecutive month in contraction territory after a 29-month period of growth dating back to June 2020. Today's headline number was below the Investing.com forecast of 48.0.
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January S&P Global US Manufacturing PMI™: Declining Further

by Jennifer Nash, 2/1/23
The January S&P Global US Manufacturing PMI™ came in at 46.9, up 0.7 from the final December figure, and marginally better than the Investing.com forecast of 46.8. However, this marks the third consecutive month in contraction territory. S&P Global US Manufacturing PMI™ is a diffusion index: A reading above 50 indicates expansion in the sector; below 50 indicates contraction.
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December Job Openings & Labor Turnover

by Jennifer Nash, 2/1/23
The latest job openings and labor turnover summary (JOLTS) report, with data through December, is now available.
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Moving Averages: S&P Closes Month Up 6.18%, Best January Finish Since 2019

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
Valid until the market close on February 28, 2023.
The S&P 500 closed January with a monthly gain of 6.18%, it's highest since 2019, after a loss of 5.9% in December. At this point, after close on the last day of the month, one of five S&P 500 strategies are signaling "cash" — Invesco DB Commodity Index Tracking (DBC) — down from from last month's quadruple "cash" signal.
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January Regional Fed Manufacturing Overview

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
Five out of the 12 Federal Reserve Regional Districts currently publish monthly data on regional manufacturing: Dallas, Kansas City, New York, Richmond, and Philadelphia. The latest average of the five for December is -12.44, down from the previous month.
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Weekly Gasoline Prices: Regular and Premium Continue to Climb for 5th Week In A Row

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
As of January 30, the price of regular and premium gas were up 7 and 8 cents each, respectively, from the previous week. According to GasBuddy.com, Hawaii has the highest average price for regular at $4.89 and Texas has the cheapest at $3.09. The WTIC end-of-day spot price for crude oil closed at $77.90 and is down 4.6% from last week.
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Home Ownership Rate: 65.9% in Q4 2022

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
Over the last decade, the general trend has been consistent: The rate of homeownership has struggled. The Census Bureau has now released its latest quarterly report with data through Q4 2022.
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Consumer Confidence Declines in January

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
The headline number of 107.1 was a decrease of 1.9 from the upwardly revised final reading of 109.0 for December.
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Chicago PMI Down in January, Worse Than Forecast

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
The latest Chicago Purchasing Manager's Index, or the Chicago Business Barometer, dropped to 44.3 in January from 44.9 in December, marking the fifth straight month in contraction territory. Values above 50.0 indicate expanding manufacturing activity. This reading comes in below the Investing.com forecast of 45.0.
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November S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index Continues Decline

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
With this morning's release of the November S&P/Case-Shiller Home Price Index, we learned that seasonally adjusted home prices for the benchmark 20-city index saw a 0.5% decrease month over month. The MoM is reduced to -1.2% after adjusting for inflation. The non-seasonally adjusted national index saw a 7.7% YoY increase.
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FHFA House Price Index Down 0.1% in November

by Jennifer Nash, 1/31/23
The Federal Housing Finance Agency (FHFA) has released its U.S. house price index (HPI) for November. U.S. house prices decreased by 0.1% from the previous month. Year-over-year the index is up 8.2% on a non-seasonally adjusted nominal basis. After adjusting for inflation and seasonality, the index is was unchanged in November and up 1% year-over-year (seasonally adjusted).
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World Markets Update: January 30, 2023

by Jennifer Nash, 1/30/23
Seven of eight indexes on our world watch list posted gains through January 30, 2023. The top performer continues to be Hong Kong's Hang Seng with a YTD gain of 11.57%. France's CAC 40 is in second with a YTD gain of 9.40%, and Germany's DAXK remains in third with a YTD gain of 8.64%. Coming in last for the fourth straight week is India's BSE SENEX with a loss of 2.20% YTD.
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Moving Averages Month-End Preview: Up 4.6% in January

by Jennifer Nash, 1/30/23
Here is an advance preview of the monthly moving averages we track after the close of the last business day of the month.
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Dallas Fed Manufacturing Growth Slows in January

by Jennifer Nash, 1/30/23
The Dallas Fed released its Texas Manufacturing Outlook Survey (TMOS) for January. The latest general business activity index came in at -8.4, up 11.6 from last month. All figures are seasonally adjusted.
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The Big Four: Real Personal Income in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/30/23
Personal income (excluding transfer receipts) in December rose 0.27% and is up 5.3% year-over-year. However, when adjusted for inflation using the BEA's PCE Price Index, real personal income (excluding transfer receipts) MoM was up 0.21% and was up 0.3% year-over-year.
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Real Disposable Income Per Capita Continued to Inch Up in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/29/23
With the release of Friday morning's report on December's personal incomes and outlays, we can now take a closer look at "real" disposable personal income per capita. At two decimal places, the nominal 0.22% month-over-month change in disposable income comes to 0.17% when we adjust for inflation. This is a decrease from last month's .28% nominal and 0.18% real change. The year-over-year metrics are 2.71% nominal and -2.20% real.
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PCE Price Index: December Headline at 5% YoY

by Jennifer Nash, 1/29/23
The BEA's Personal Income and Outlays report for December was published on Friday morning by the Bureau of Economic Analysis. The latest headline PCE price index was up 0.05% month-over-month (MoM) and is up 5.02% year-over-year (YoY). Core PCE (YoY) dropped to 4.42%, still well above the Fed's 2% target rate.
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Michigan Consumer Sentiment Up 8% in January, Beats Forecast

by Jennifer Nash, 1/29/23
The January final report came in at 64.9, up 5.2 (8.7%) from the December final. Investing.com had forecast 64.6. Since its beginning in 1978, consumer sentiment is 24% below its average reading (arithmetic mean) and 23% below its geometric mean.
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Pending Home Sales Increased 2.5% in December, Ending Six-Month Slide

by Jennifer Nash, 1/29/23
The National Association of Realtors released the December data for its pending home sales index. According to the National Association of Realtors®, "Pending home sales increased in December for the first time since May 2022 — following six consecutive months of declines."
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S&P 500 Snapshot: Friday Ends Up 0.25%

by Jennifer Nash, 1/29/23
The S&P 500 climbed for most of the week, ending with its highest close of the year on Friday. The index is up 6.04% YTD and is 15.14% below its record close.
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An Inside Look at the GDP Q4 Advance Estimate

by Jennifer Nash, 1/27/23
The accompanying chart is a way to visualize real GDP change since 2007 and uses stacked column chart to segment the four major components of GDP with a dashed line overlay to show the sum of the four, which is real GDP itself. Here is the latest overview from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
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CFNAI Components: Employment, Production, Consumption, Sales

by Jennifer Nash, 1/27/23
The Chicago Fed's National Activity Index, which I reported on yesterday, is based on 85 economic indicators drawn from four broad categories of data:
- Production and income
- Employment, unemployment, and hours
- Personal consumption and housing
- Sales, orders, and inventories
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Q4 Real GDP Per Capita: 2.5% Versus the 2.9% Headline Real GDP

by Jennifer Nash, 1/27/23
The advance estimate for Q4 GDP, to one decimal, came in at 2.9% (2.89% to two decimal places), a decrease from 3.2% (3.24% to two decimal places) for the Q3 third estimate. With a per-capita adjustment, the headline number is lower at 2.52% to two decimal points.
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The Philly Fed ADS Business Conditions Index Update

by Jennifer Nash, 1/26/23
We've updated our periodic look at the Philly Fed ADS Index which includes real GDP (Q4 2022 release) and initial jobless claims through 1/21.
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Kansas City Fed Manufacturing Survey: Activity Was Flat

by Jennifer Nash, 1/26/23
The latest index came in at -1, up 3 from last month's revised figured, indicated a slower pace of decline compared to December. The future outlook declined to 3. All figures are seasonally adjusted. Here is a snapshot of the complete Kansas City Fed Manufacturing Survey.
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New Home Sales Up 2.3% in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/26/23
This morning's release of the December new home sales from the Census Bureau came in at 616K, up 2.3% month-over-month from a revised 602K in November. The Investing.com forecast was for 617K. The median home price is now at $442K.
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Q4 GDP Advance Estimate: Real GDP at 2.9%, Better Than Forecast

by Jennifer Nash, 1/26/23
The advance estimate for Q4 GDP, to one decimal, came in at 2.9% (2.89% to two decimal places), a decrease from 3.2% (3.24% to two decimal places) for the Q3 third estimate. Investing.com had a consensus of 2.6%.
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Chicago Fed: Little Change in Economic Growth in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/26/23
The Chicago Fed National Activity Index (CFNAI) edged up to -0.49 in December from -0.51 in November. Three of the four broad categories of indicators used to construct the index made negative contributions in December, but two categories improved from November. The index's three-month moving average, CFNAI-MA3, decreased to -0.33 in December from -0.14 in November.
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Headline Durable Goods Orders Up 5.6% in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/26/23
The latest new orders number at 5.6% month-over-month (MoM) was better than the Investing.com 2.5% estimate. The series is up 11.9% year-over-year (YoY). If we exclude transportation, "core" durable goods was down 0.1% MoM and up 2.1% YoY.
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Richmond Fed Manufacturing Declined in January

by Jennifer Nash, 1/24/23
Fifth district manufacturing decreased in January, according to the most recent survey from the Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond. The composite manufacturing index is at -11 in January, down 12 from December. This is worse than the Investing.com forecast of -5.
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CB LEI: 10th Consecutive Decline in December, Recession Signal Continues

by Jennifer Nash, 1/23/23
The latest Conference Board Leading Economic Index (LEI) for December was down 1% from the November final figure of 111.6, marking the 10th consecutive MoM decline.
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Margin Debt Down 5.8% in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/23/23
FINRA has released new data for margin debt, now available through December. The latest debt level is down 5.77% month-over-month.
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Treasury Snapshot: January 20, 2023

by Jennifer Nash, 1/20/23
The yield on the 10-year note ended January 20, 2023 at 3.48%, the two-year note ended at 4.14%, and the 30-year at 3.66%.
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Middle-Class Hourly Wages as of December 2022

by Jennifer Nash, 1/20/23
I've updated this series to include the December release of the consumer price index as the deflator and the monthly employment update. The latest hypothetical real (inflation-adjusted) annual earnings are at $47,438, down 8.6% from 45-plus years ago. Hourly earnings are below their all-time high after adjusting for inflation.
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Existing-Home Sales: Retreat for 11th Consecutive Month

by Jennifer Nash, 1/20/23
This morning's release of the December existing home sales showed that sales fell slightly to a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 4.02 million units from the previous month's 4.08 million. The Investing.com consensus was for 3.96 million. The latest number represents a 1.5% decrease from the previous month and its eleventh in a row. December saw a 34.0% decrease YoY.
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Zillow Home Value Index: December Update

by Jennifer Nash, 1/19/23
December's ZHVI came in at $357,319, slightly up from the previous month by 0.01% and up 10.8% YoY. After adjusting for inflation, the real figures are -0.77% MoM and 3.02% YoY.
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New Residential Building Permits: Down 1.55% in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/19/23
The U.S. Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development have now published their findings for December new residential building permits. The latest reading of 1.33M was down 1.55% from the November reading and is below the Investing.com forecast of 1.37M.
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New Residential Housing Starts Down 1.4% in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/19/23
The U.S. Census Bureau and the Department of Housing and Urban Development have now published their findings for December new residential housing starts. The latest reading of 1.382M was slightly above the Investing.com forecast of 1.359M and is a 1.4% decrease from the previous month's 1.401M.
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Philly Fed Manufacturing Index: Activity Continues Decline in January

by Jennifer Nash, 1/19/23
The latest manufacturing index came in at -8.9, up 4.8 from last month's -13.7, marking the index's fifth negative reading in a row and the seventh in the last eight months. The three-month moving average came in at -12.7, down from last month. The six-month outlook came in at 4.9, up from the previous month's -0.9. Since this is a diffusion index, negative readings indicate contraction, positive ones indicate expansion.
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The Big Four: Industrial Production Down Again in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/18/23
This morning's report on industrial production for December shows a 0.72% decrease month-over-month, which was worse than the Investing.com consensus of -0.1%. The year-over-year change is at 1.65%, down from last month's YoY increase of 2.18%.
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The Big Four: December Real Retail Sales Continue to Decline

by Jennifer Nash, 1/18/23
Month-over-month nominal sales in November was down 1.15% and up 6.02% YoY. Real retail sales, calculated with the seasonally adjusted CPI, decreased by 1.07% and was down 0.38% YoY.
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NAHB Housing Market Index: "Builder Confidence Uptick Signals Turning Point for Housing Lies Ahead"

by Jennifer Nash, 1/18/23
The National Association of Home Builders (NAHB) Housing Market Index (HMI) is a gauge of builder opinion on the relative level of current and future single-family home sales. It is a diffusion index, which means that a reading above 50 indicates a favorable outlook on home sales; below 50 indicates a negative outlook. The latest reading of 35 is up 4 from last month's 31, ending 12 consecutive monthly declines.
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Retail Sales Down 1.15% in December, Worse Than Forecast

by Jennifer Nash, 1/18/23
The Census Bureau's Advance Retail Sales Report for December was released this morning. Headline sales came in at -1.15% month-over-month and was below the Investing.com forecast of -0.8%. Core sales (ex Autos) came in at -1.13% MoM.
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December Producer Price Index: Finished Goods at 8.8% YoY

by Jennifer Nash, 1/18/23
This morning's release of the December Producer Price Index (PPI) for Finished Goods was down 1.5% month-over-month seasonally adjusted, down from a 0.2% increase last month. It is at 8.8% year-over-year, down from a 10.6% increase last month, on a seasonally adjusted basis.
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Long-Term Look at the CPI

by Jennifer Nash, 1/17/23
The Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers (CPI-U) released for December puts the year-over-year inflation rate at 6.45%. It is well above the 3.74% average since the end of the Second World War and above its 10-year moving average, now at 2.5%.
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Empire State Manufacturing Survey: Activity Contracted Sharply in January

by Jennifer Nash, 1/17/23
This morning we got the latest Empire State Manufacturing Survey. The diffusion index for General Business Conditions at -32.9 was a decrease of 21.7 from the previous month's -11.2. This was the index's lowest reading since May 2020 and the fifth worst reading in survey history. The Investing.com forecast was for a reading of -8.7.
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Components of the CPI: December

by Jill Mislinski, 1/13/23
Let's do some analysis of the Consumer Price Index, the best-known measure of inflation. The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) divides all expenditures into eight categories and assigns a relative size to each. The pie chart illustrates the components of the Consumer Price Index for Urban Consumers, the CPI-U.
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December Inflation: The Components

by Jill Mislinski, 1/13/23
We are now seeing some of the highest inflation rates since the second of the two recessions in the early 1980s. Here is a table showing the annualized change in Headline and Core CPI, not seasonally adjusted, for each of the past six months.
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Underlying Inflation Gauge: December Update

by Jennifer Nash, 1/12/23
The latest full set UIG for November is 5.37% while the prices-only measure is 4.53%. Current Headline CPI is now 6.45% and Core CPI is 5.71%.
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Demographic Trends for the 50-and-Older Work Force

by Jill Mislinski, 1/12/23
Note: This commentary has been updated with the latest numbers from the latest Employment Report for December. Consider: Today nearly one in three of the 65-69 cohort and one in five of the 70-74 cohort are in the labor force.
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Baby Boomer Employment - December 2022

by Jill Mislinski, 1/12/23
The 20th century Baby Boom was one of the most powerful demographic events in the history of the United States. We've created a series of charts to show seven age cohorts of the employed population from 1948 to the present.
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Consumer Price Index: December Headline at 6.45%, Down from November

by Jennifer Nash, 1/12/23
The Bureau of Labor Statistics released the December Consumer Price Index data this morning. The year-over-year non-seasonally adjusted Headline CPI came in at 6.45%, down from 7.11% the previous month. Year-over-year Core CPI (ex Food and Energy) came in at 5.71%, down from 5.96% the previous month.
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Long-Term Trends in Employment by Age Group

by Jill Mislinski, 1/10/23
The Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) is a simple computation: You take the Civilian Labor Force (people age 16 and over employed or seeking employment) and divide it by the Civilian Noninstitutional Population (those 16 and over not in the military and or committed to an institution).
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U.S. Workforce: December 2022 Update

by Jill Mislinski, 1/10/23
We've updated our monthly workforce analysis to include the latest Employment Report for December. The unemployment rate dropped to 3.5%, and the number of new nonfarm jobs (a relatively volatile number subject to extensive revisions) came in at 223K.
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NFIB Small Business Survey: Optimism Declines in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/10/23
The headline number for December came in at 89.8, down 2.1 from the previous month. The index is at the 7th percentile in this series.
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Multiple Jobholders are 5.1% of All Employed

by Jill Mislinski, 1/9/23
At present, multiple jobholders account for 5.1 percent of civilian employment. The survey captures data for four subcategories of the multi-job workforce, the current relative sizes of which we've illustrated in a pie chart.
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Full-time and Part-time Employment: A Deeper Look

by Jill Mislinski, 1/9/23
Let's take a closer look at this week's employment report numbers on Full and Part-Time Employment.
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December Employment: Services Vs. Goods Producing Jobs

by Jill Mislinski, 1/9/23
The latest monthly employment report showed a gain of 223K nonfarm jobs, which consists of a gain of 183K service-providing jobs and a gain of 40K goods-producing jobs.
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The Fed's Financial Accounts: What Are Uncle Sam's Largest Assets?

by Jill Mislinski, 1/7/23
Pop Quiz! Without recourse to your text, your notes, or a Google search, what line item is the largest asset in Uncle Sam's financial accounts?
- A) U.S. Official Reserve Assets
- B) Total Mortgages
- C) Taxes Receivable
- D) Student Loans
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The Latest Look at the Total Return Roller Coaster

by Jill Mislinski, 1/6/23
Here's an interesting set of charts that will especially resonate with those of us who follow economic and market cycles. Imagine that five years ago you invested $10,000 in the S&P 500. How much would it be worth today, with dividends reinvested but adjusted for inflation? The purchasing power of your investment has increased to $13,364 for an annualized real return of 5.8%.
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The Civilian Labor Force, Unemployment Claims and the Business Cycle

by Jill Mislinski, 1/6/23
What does the ratio of unemployment claims tell us about where we are in the business cycle and recession risk?
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The Big Four Economic Indicators: December Employment

by Jill Mislinski, 1/6/23
This commentary has been updated to include this morning's release of Nonfarm Employment. December saw a 223K increase in total nonfarm payrolls. The unemployment rate ticked down to 3.5%. The Investing.com consensus was for 200K jobs gained.
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Is the Market Still Overvalued?

by Jill Mislinski, 1/6/23
Here is a summary of the four market valuation indicators we update on a monthly basis.
- The Crestmont Research P/E Ratio
- The cyclical P/E ratio using the trailing 10-year earnings as the divisor
- The Q Ratio, which is the total price of the market divided by its replacement cost
- The relationship of the S&P Composite price to a regression trendline
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S&P Global Services PMI: Sharp Decline in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/6/23
The December US Services Purchasing Managers' Index conducted by S&P Global came in at 44.7 percent, down from the final November estimate of 46.2 and in contraction territory.
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ISM Services Plummets in December

by Jennifer Nash, 1/6/23
The Institute of Supply Management (ISM) has now released the December Services Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI). The headline Composite Index is at 49.6 percent and is down 6.9 from 56.5 last month. Today's number came in well below the Investing.com forecast of 55.0 percent.
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December Employment: 223K New Jobs, Beats Forecast

by Jill Mislinski, 1/6/23
This morning's employment report for December showed a 223K increase in total nonfarm payrolls, which was above the Investing.com forecast of 200K jobs added. The unemployment rate ticked down to 3.5%.
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The S&P 500, Dow and Nasdaq Since Their 2000 Highs

by Jill Mislinski, 1/5/23
Take a look at real (inflation-adjusted) charts of the S&P 500, Dow 30, and Nasdaq Composite since 2000. We've updated this through the December 30, 2022 close.
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November Trade Deficit at $61.5B

by Jill Mislinski, 1/5/23
The U.S. International Trade in Goods and Services, also known as the FT-900, is published monthly by the Bureau of Economic Analysis with data going back to 1992 and details U.S. exports and imports of goods and services. The headline number of -$61.5B was better than the -73.0B Investing.com forecast.
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Vehicle Sales Per Capita as of November 2022

by Jill Mislinski, 1/4/23
The moving average for the per-capita Light Vehicle Sales series peaked in 2005. Over fifteen years later, it is now down 22% from that peak.
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Crestmont Market Valuation Update: December 2022

by Jill Mislinski, 1/3/23
Quick take: Based on the December S&P 500 average of daily closes, the Crestmont P/E is 115% above its arithmetic mean and at the 97th percentile of this fourteen-plus-decade monthly metric.
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Top 10 AP Charts of 2022

by Jill Mislinski, 12/23/22
Here's the top 10 most popular AP Charts of 2022.
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America's Driving Habits as of October 2022

by Jill Mislinski, 12/22/22
"Travel on all roads and streets changed by +0.1% (+0.3 billion vehicle miles) for October 2022 as compared with October 2021. Travel for the month is estimated to be 286.0 billion vehicle miles." The 12-month moving average was mostly unchanged month-over-month and up 3.0% year-over-year. If we factor in population growth, the 12-month MA of the civilian population-adjusted data (age 16-and-over) inched down 0.1% month-over-month and was up 2% year-over-year.
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Household Debt And Credit Report: Up $351B in Q3 2022

by Jill Mislinski, 12/16/22
Household debt increased by $351B (2.2%) to $16.51 trillion in Q3 2022. Mortgage balances climbed the highest and credit card balances increased 15% YoY.
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Q2 2022 Household Net Worth: The "Real" Story

by Jill Mislinski, 11/8/22
This is a couple months past its release, but the latest Fed balance sheet shows a total net worth that is 141% above the 2009 trough. The nominal Q2 2022 net worth is down 4.1% from the previous quarter and up 1.1% year-over-year.
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ECRI Weekly Leading Index Update

by Jill Mislinski, 9/30/22
Today's release of the publicly available data from ECRI puts the WLI at 145.6, up from the previous week's figure. The WLIg is at -10.3, up from last week and the WLI YoY is at -4.92%, down slightly from last week.
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First Look at April: ADP Says 247K New Nonfarm Private Jobs

by Jill Mislinski, 5/4/22
This morning we have the ADP April estimate of 247K nonfarm private employment jobs gained, a decrease over the ADP revised March figure of 479K.
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Gasoline Volume Sales Down 8.9% YoY

by Jill Mislinski, 1/21/22
The Department of Energy's Energy Information Administration (EIA) monthly data on volume sales is several weeks old when it released. The latest numbers, through mid-November, are now available.
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2020 Update: Median Home Price and Salary Required in 25 Major Cities

by Jill Mislinski, 10/29/21
The team at HSH.com, features a periodic update entitled "The Salary You Must Earn to Buy a Home in the 50 Largest Metro Areas". The key question is:
"How much salary do you need to earn in order to afford the principal and interest payments on a median-priced home in your metro area?"
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Household Incomes: The Decline of the "Middle Class" 2020 Update

by Jill Mislinski, 10/29/21
The median household is the statistical center of the Middle Class. In terms of income, this class has not gained much in recent decades. Let's take a closer look at a troubling aspect of the Census Bureau's latest annual household income data, issued in September. In this update, we'll focus on the growing gap between the median (middle) and mean (average) household incomes across the complete time frame of the Census Bureau's annual reporting, which began in 1967, to the release of the annual data for 2020.
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Median Household Income by State: 2020 Update

by Jill Mislinski, 10/28/21
The median US income in 2020 was $67,521, up from $22,415 in 1984 — a 201% rise over the 36-year time frame. However, if we adjust for inflation chained in 2020 dollars, the 1984 median is $51,742, and the increase drops to 27%.
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Household Incomes 2020: The Value of Higher Education

by Jill Mislinski, 10/27/21
What is the value of education for household income? The Census Bureau's annual survey data for 2019 published in September gives us some interesting insights into this question. The median income for all households with a householder age 25 and older was $67,521.
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Median Household Incomes by Age Bracket: 1967-2020

by Jill Mislinski, 10/26/21
We have updated our commentary on household income distribution to include the Census Bureau's release of the 2020 annual data. Our focus was on arithmetic mean (average) household incomes by quintile (and the top 5%) over the 50+ year history of this data series. The analysis offered some fascinating insights into U.S. household incomes. But the classification misses the implications of age for income. Households are by no means locked into the same quintile over time.
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Updated: U.S. Household Incomes - A 50+ Year Perspective

by Jill Mislinski, 10/25/21
This month, the Census Bureau released its annual report on household income data for 2020. Last year the median (middle) average household income fell to $67,521. Let's take a closer look at the quintile averages, which dates from 1967, along with the statistics for the top 5%.
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Not Your Regularly Scheduled Programming

by Jill Mislinski, 10/24/21
Next week we are taking a hiatus from regularly scheduled updates and will be publishing a series of articles based on the Census Bureau's 2020 Income and Poverty Report. Stay Tuned!
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A Long Term Look: Residential Building Permits and Housing Starts

by Jill Mislinski, 10/20/21
Over the long haul the two series offer a compelling study of trends in residential real estate. Here is an overlay of the two series since the 1959 inception of the Starts data and the Permits data, which began being tracked a year later.
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A Closer Look at Yesterday's ADP Employment Report

by Jill Mislinski, 10/7/21
In yesterday morning's ADP employment report we got the September estimate of 568K nonfarm private employment jobs gained, an increase over August's revised 340K. The popular spin on this indicator is as a preview to the monthly jobs report from the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
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UPDATE: COVID-19, The Markets, and The Economy

by Jill Mislinski, 6/16/21
Let's take a look at major sectors in the ETF world since February 21, 2020. All but two sectors, hotels and airlines, have recovered since then. Retail has bounced back the fastest, while hotels and airlines are still lagging. Individuals are returning to travel rapidly as more vaccines are administered.
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Join us tomorrow for the AP Thought Leader Summit - a FREE virtual event!
by Team, 10/5/20
Join us for a series of virtual sessions during the AP Thought Leader Summit 2020, October 6-7, 2020. This FREE event is for financial advisors to learn and earn CE credits for sessions from the industry's most influential thought leaders to help grow and manage their practice. Register here!
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S&P 500 ETFs: May Update

by Jill Mislinski, 6/4/20
The S&P 500 ETFs tracked include State Street Global Advisors’ SPDR (SPY), iShares Core S&P 500 ETF (IVV), and Vanguard’s S&P 500 ETF (VOO).
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Updated: The Effect of Coronavirus on Key Market Sectors

by Jill Mislinski, 3/16/20
As a result of the COVID-19 virus and its effects on the market, here's a short analysis of major ETF market sectors and the S&P 500 since February 21.
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Weekly Heating Oil Prices

by Jill Mislinski, 3/4/20
The latest price of home heating oil nationwide is $2.82.
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Publishing Delay
by Jill Mislinski, 2/3/20
We are having some software issues and as a result, all economic news is delayed slightly. We will back-publish all missed updates once this is resolved. Thank you!
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RecessionAlert Weekly Leading Index Update

by Jill Mislinski, 5/17/19
The Weekly Leading Economic Index (WLEI) uses fifty different time series from these categories: Corporate Bond Composite, Treasury Bond Composite, Stock Market Composite, Labor Market Composite, Credit Market Composite.
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Some Updates Delayed Indefinitely

by Jill Mislinski, 1/7/19
Due to the ongoing government shutdown, data held by the Census Bureau and the Bureau of Economic Analysis will not be published.
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Millennials and the Labor Force: A Look at the Trends

by Jill Mislinski, 10/10/18
Millennials make up the largest percentage of our population today, yet have seen some of the lowest labor force participation growth and highest unemployment out of all age groups since the turn of the century. This has larger implications when coupled with slow wage growth, high home prices, and mounting student debt.
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Trends in the Teenage Workforce Update

by Jill Mislinski, 10/10/18
In July of 2015, CNN Money featured an article with the optimistic and intriguing title "More American teens are getting jobs. That's good for everyone." After reading the article, we revised one of our monthly charts on Labor Force Participation to include the age 16-19 cohort -- one we elsewhere combine with the 20-24 year-olds. We've updated this article to include the latest employment data.
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Groundbreaking New Portfolio Retirement Income Guarantee
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Forecasting GDP: Gazing into the Crystal Ball

by Jill Mislinski, 6/27/18
The big economic number tomorrow will be the Q2 Third Estimate for GDP. The last two quarters are behind us with their real annualized rates of 2.9% in Q4 2017 and 2.3% in Q1. What do economists see in their collective crystal ball for Q2 Third Estimate? Let's take a look at the latest GDP forecasts from the latest Wall Street Journal survey of economists conducted earlier this month.
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Next Recession? Pundit Prognoses

by , 4/15/18
This is the second in a multi-part series where we examine pundits' opinions and predictions on the latest topics.
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Bitcoin Bets: Which Pundit Is Right?

by , 3/19/18
The bitcoin and cryptocurrency craze has everyone talking. Here's what some of the big names in the industry are saying.
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A Note on 404 Errors
by Jill Mislinski, 3/13/18
Many of our readers have been experiencing 404 errors on dshort pages. These pages have not disappeared, they are merely being edited and as a result of our current process, it shows as a broken page. Please be sure to check back within a few days to see the newest update.
We are working on a new system that will prevent these errors.
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Debt, Taxes and Politics: An Updated Perspective on Federal Tax History

by Jill Mislinski, 11/13/17
With the Republican tax bill looming, we've updated this article to include the latest figures and estimates for federal debt and taxes.
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The Labor Market Conditions Index Discontinued

by Jill Mislinski, 8/8/17
The LMCI is a relatively recent indicator developed by Federal Reserve economists to assess changes in the labor market conditions. As of August 3, 2017, updates of the labor market conditions index (LMCI) have been discontinuedThe LMCI is derived from a dynamic factor model that extracts the primary common variation from 19 labor market indicators.
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Earn $100 by Participating in an APViewpoint Focus Group

by Jill Mislinski, 5/16/17
An ETF sponsor is looking for 30 advisors to participate in an online focus group to be hosted on APViewpoint. The purpose of this focus group is to gather advisors’ observations on the ETF marketplace. Click for more info.
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Visit Us At Morningstar

by Jill Mislinski, 4/26/17
If you're attending this week's Morningstar Investment Conference in Chicago, come visit us at booth #360. Meet members of our team, including CEO/Editor in Chief Bob Huebscher, National Account Manager Becky Allen and dshort's Research Director Jill Mislinski.
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Update: A Closer Look at the Cost of Education

by Jill Mislinski, 3/21/17
Many reports on the cost of education and affordability over the last decade have focused on the rapid growth of educational debt. Here we examine student aid, costs of undergraduate education, and enrollment over time. We've used data from the College Board's annual Trends in Higher Education publications. We've updated this report with the latest data.
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The dshort Daily Digest is Back

by Jill Mislinski, 1/13/17
We are reintroducing the dshort Daily Digest! This daily email will include the most recent updates from dshort. Sign up now!
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Brace Yourself: Our Latest Look at Student Debt

by Jill Mislinski, 12/31/16
College Tuition and Fees constitute one of the biggest threats to our economic outlook. Here is a chart of data from the relevant Consumer Price Index sub-component reaching back to 1978, the earliest year Uncle Sam provides a breakout for College Tuition and Fees. As an interesting sidebar, we've thrown in the increase in the cost of purchasing a new car as well as the more substantial increase for the broader category of medical care, both of which pale in comparison.
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Housing Affordability in Today's Largest Cities

by Jill Mislinski, 12/21/16
We continue our real estate research with a study on metropolitan affordability in the rental and mortgage markets. Once again, we tap into Zillow Group’s wealth of data and use a data set that includes mortgage affordability, rental affordability, and price-to-income ratios for the five most populous US cities with comparison to the national median.
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Metropolitan Home Prices and the Zillow Home Value Index

by Jill Mislinski, 11/21/16
According to the Census Bureau, 84% of U.S. citizens live in Metropolitan Statistical Areas - defined as a region with at least one urbanized area of population 50,000 or more. Here we look at home values in the top five metro areas over a 20 year period using data from Zillow Group. We focus on Zillow Sales prices and the Zillow Home Value Index, a house price index that uses Zillow data.
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Snapshots of Market History: The Bear Bottoming Process

by Doug Short, 10/26/16
Note from dshort: Since the middle of the last century, there have been nine bear markets in the S&P 500 using the 20% selloff of the "bear-market" benchmark. There have been two additional corrections that came within a hair's breadth of the -20% qualification. Here are snapshots of those official bears and initial recoveries. Rather than scrolling down, you can click on a chart for an enlarged version and a slide-show of the series.
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Happiness Revisited: A Household Income of $75K?

by Doug Short, 10/21/16
Note from dshort: We've updated this commentary in the wake of the Census Bureau's release last month of the 2015 annual household income data from the Current Population Survey.
One of our favorite discussions on APViewpoint, which addressed "The Sad State of Happiness", included an indirect reference to a popular 2010 academic study by psychologist Daniel Kahneman and economist Angus Deaton. Their topic was the correlation between annual household income and day-to-day contentment. They analyzed more than 450,000 total responses to a Gallup weekly survey of households across the 50 states and DC. The survey was conducted in 2009.
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The Financial Plight of White Working Class Males

by Doug Short, 10/5/16
With the US presidential election about five weeks away, the popular press has feasted on the campaign events and survey results, with the primary focus on the Trump spectacle. The fundamental question remains: How did The Don succeed in winning the Republican Party nomination in the first place? And how could he remain in contention in the wake of his bizarre campaign rhetoric? A provocative new report from Sentier Research gives us insight into what might be the key factor in the Trump phenomenon: A secular decline in the financial well-being of white working class males and what we can infer as the resulting anger directed at the political powers that be.
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Validating the S&P Composite Stock Price Index

by Doug Short, 9/1/16
Visitors to Advisor Perspectives will recognize the S&P Composite Stock Price Index as a regular feature in our long-term charts of market and economic happenings. We're referring to the data series made popular in recent years by Yale Professor Robert Shiller, not to be confused with the S&P Composite 1500, an index that combines the S&P 500, the S&P Mid Cap 400, and the S&P Small Cap 600. Here's a an overlay of the Dow and the S&P Composite from May of 1896, the month the Dow Jones Industrial Average index of 12 stocks was established.
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Medals, GDP, and the 2016 Rio Olympics

by Jill Mislinski, 8/15/16
With the 2016 Rio Olympics in the news and on many minds, we decided to investigate whether particular indicators were a predictor of performance.
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Best Stock Market Indicator Update

by Jill Mislinski, 7/22/16
According to this system, the market is now tradable and a signal to enter and continue all long trading. The OEXA200R is at 84% and all three secondary indicators are positive.
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49 Years of Income and Home Values

by Jill Mislinski, 5/25/16
Often conversations about home buying end up in discussions on the high cost of homes today and their affordability – or lack thereof. We decided to take a look at the long-term trends in home prices in comparison to income and found that incomes have been stagnant since the early 1970s, while home prices have risen dramatically in comparison.
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Equity Valuations, Recessions and Stock Market Declines

by Doug Short, 4/12/16
Note: In response to an email, I've updated the data in this article through the March month-end numbers and at the launch of the Q1 2016 earnings season.
Last year I had a fascinating conversation with Neile Wolfe, of Wells Fargo Advisors, LLC. Based on the underlying data in the adjacent chart, Neile made some cogent observations about the historical relationships between equity valuations, recessions and market prices:
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Industrial Production: Those Ugly Annual Benchmark Revisions and the Heightened Risk of Recession

by Doug Short, 4/4/16
The big economic news on Friday was the Department of Labor's Employment Report for March. The mainstream press focused on two numbers: the 215K new jobs and the 5% unemployment rate. Over the next few days we'll dig in a bit deeper to look at some of the underlying employment demographics, which in many ways give a greater understanding of employment conditions. But the much more significant economic news on Friday was the Federal Reserve's noon release of the disturbingly negative annual benchmark revisions to Industrial Production.
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Median Household Income Growth: Deflating the American Dream

by Doug Short, 9/23/15
What is the single best indicator of the American Dream? Many would point to household income growth. The Census Bureau has now published some selected annual household income data in a new report: "Income and Poverty in the United States: 2014". Last year the median (middle) household income was $53,657 — a 0.13% year-over-year increase that shrinks to -1.48% when adjusted for inflation. Let's put the new release into a larger historical context.
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The Big Four Economic Indicators

by Jill Mislinski, 5/22/15
Official recession calls are the responsibility of the NBER Business Cycle Dating Committee, which is understandably vague about the specific indicators on which they base their decisions. This committee statement is about as close as they get to identifying their method.There is, however, a general belief that there are four big indicators that the committee weighs heavily in their cycle identification process. We are now tracking each of the four at the following individual links:
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Median Household Income Growth: Deflating the American Dream

by Doug Short, 9/16/14
What is the single best indicator of the American Dream? Many would point to household income growth. The Census Bureau has now published some selected annual household income data in a new report: Income and Poverty in the United States: 2013. Last year the median (middle) household income was $51,939 -- a 1.8% year-over-year increase that shrinks to 0.3% when adjusted for inflation. Let's put the new release into a larger historical context.
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P/E: So Many Choices: Part 2
by Ed Easterling, 4/27/11
This is the second installment of a two-part article on P/E ratios by Ed Easterling. Ed's books, Unexpected Returns and Probable Outcomes, have our unqualified endorsement for anyone trying to understand the complex and often puzzling relationship between the economy and the market.
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P/E: So Many Choices: Part 1
by Ed Easterling, 4/26/11
We're delighted to welcome Ed Easterling with this first installment of a two-part article on P/E ratios. Ed's books, Unexpected Returns and Probable Outcomes, have our unqualified endorsement for anyone trying to understand the complex and often puzzling relationship between the economy and the market.
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